Established on 1 November 1960, the forerunner of this office was named the Taiwan Eastern Land Development Department belonging to the Veterans Affair Commission, the Executive Yuan. The purpose of setting up the department was to develop land within Hualien and Taitung Counties so as to settle those veterans there dedicating to agricultural farming.

For promoting the industrial development in the eastern region, the department was reorganized as the Eastern Region Development Committee of the Taiwan Province belonging to the Taiwan Provincial Government in January 1964. The Committee was re-titled as the Eastern Land Development Department of the Land Resource Development Committee of the Taiwan Province in January 1965. In 1976, the Department was shifted to the Construction Authority of the Taiwan Province to develop agricultural land to sell to ordinary farmers in addition to the original purpose.
In July 1991, the Department assumed the responsibility to clear and manage the land from river reclamation province-wide. The Department was renamed as the Land Reclamation Admini-stration of the Taiwan Province in April 1995, and changed its title again in January 1999 into Land Reclamation Bureau of the Taiwan Province.

Due to stream lining of the Taiwan Provincial Government in July 1999, the Bureau was transferred to the Construction and Planning Agency under the Ministry of the Interior and renamed as the current title. The Office continues to implement planning, developing, operating and managing lands reclaimed from rivers nation-wide